Corrosion Resistance in Marine Environments: New Alloys and Protective Coatings

Abstract

Corrosion poses significant challenges in marine environments, where exposure to saltwater and harsh conditions accelerates material degradation and structural damage. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent developments in corrosion-resistant alloys and protective coatings tailored for marine applications. Traditional materials such as stainless steels and aluminum alloys have been the mainstay in marine engineering; however, emerging alloys and coatings offer superior corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and durability. The discussion covers a range of innovative alloy compositions, including nickel-based alloys, titanium alloys, and advanced composites, engineered to withstand corrosive attack and prolong service life in marine environments. Additionally, novel protective coatings, such as polymer-based coatings, ceramic coatings, and self-healing coatings, are explored for their ability to provide an effective barrier against corrosion while maintaining mechanical integrity and adhesion to substrates. Furthermore, the paper examines advanced surface modification techniques, such as ion implantation, laser surface treatment, and plasma spraying, which enhance the corrosion resistance and performance of materials in marine applications. By integrating materials science, metallurgy, and surface engineering, this review offers valuable insights into the development and optimization of corrosion-resistant solutions for marine structures, vessels, and offshore installations, highlighting the importance of innovation in combating corrosion and ensuring the long-term integrity and reliability of marine infrastructure.