Values and Their Role in the Civilizational Cycle and Their Formations in the Thought of Malik Bennabi

Abstract

In this research paper, we address the topic of the concept of civilization according to Malik Bennabi, considering it in reality as the sum of the material and moral factors that enable a society to provide each of its members with all the necessary social guarantees for their progress. Moreover, the realization of civilization is contingent upon a set of basic conditions, the most prominent of which are activating the role of humans, guiding them with a value-driven idea, developing effectiveness and productivity, along with balancing matter and spirit.

In a broader context, it is linked to the stages of the civilizational cycle (spirit, intellect, instinct), explaining how civilization is formed through these stages, and how values play a decisive role in its rise and continuity or decline.