Driving Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development: Insights from Germany’s Energy Transformation

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of renewable energy on sustainable development using Germany’s energy transition (Energiewende) as a case study. Adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, the research evaluates economic, environmental, and social outcomes. The findings show that renewable energy expansion contributed to emissions reduction, energy security, and green job creation, despite challenges related to policy complexity and infrastructure. The study concludes that effective policy design and integrated strategies are essential for achieving sustainable development, offering transferable lessons for other countries.